能源和环境被认为是本世纪人类面临的两大挑战,从而引起了人们对于“氢经济”的关注,但是氢气的储存是制约“氢经济”发展的最主要的因素.本文简述了不同的储氢方法以及氢能实用化的目标,回顾了以KOH活化制备高比表面积活性炭的的机理和影响因素,并综述和评价了影响高比表面积活性炭吸附储氢的主要影响因素,即比表面积和微孔孔容、孔径大小和分布、表面含氧官能团和杂原子掺杂.到目前还没有一种材料(包括高比表面积活性炭)可以满足美国能源部(DOE)设定储氢系统实用化的目标,对于高比表面积活性炭的孔径控制以及改性研究或许是实现这一目标的途径.
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